Hiki i ka Mīkini Nui

ʻO nā lens optical nui (e pili ana i nā ʻāpana optical me nā anawaena mai ka ʻumi kenimika a hiki i kekahi mau mika) ke hana koʻikoʻi i ka ʻenehana optical hou, me nā noi e hoʻopili ana i nā kahua he nui e like me ka nānā ʻana i ka astronomical, laser physics, hana ʻenehana, a me nā mea lapaʻau. E wehewehe ana kēia i nā hiʻohiʻona noiʻi, hana, a me nā hihia maʻamau:

1, Hoʻonui i ka hiki ke hōʻiliʻili māmā

Kumu: ʻO ka nui o ka lens e pili ana i kahi puka māmā nui aʻe (kahi kūpono), hiki ke hōʻiliʻili i ka ikehu māmā.

Nā hiʻohiʻona noiʻi:

Nānā Astronomical: No ka laʻana, ʻo nā lens beryllium nui he 18 o ka James Webb Telescope e hopu ana i ka malamalama hōkū mai 13 biliona mau makahiki māmā ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wahi e hōʻiliʻili ai i nā kukui.

2, Hoʻonui i ka Optical Resolution a me ka pololei kiʻi

Kumu: E like me ka Rayleigh criterion, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka puka aniani, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻonā palena ʻokoʻa (formula: θ≈1.22λ/D, kahi ʻo D ke anawaena lens).

Nā hiʻohiʻona noiʻi:

Nā Satellite Sensing mamao: Hiki i nā lens pahuhopu nui (e laʻa, ka lens 2.4-mika o ka US Keyhole satellite) hiki ke hoʻoholo i nā pahuhopu honua ma ka pālākiō 0.1-mika.

3，Modulation o ka Māmā Phase, Amplitude, a me ka Polarization

ʻIke ʻenehana: Hoʻololi ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona nalu mua o ka māmā ma o ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ke ʻano o ka ʻili (e laʻa, parabolic, aspheric surfaces) a i ʻole ka hana uhi ʻana ma ka lens.

Nā noi maʻamau:

ʻO nā mea ʻike hawewe Gravitational (LIGO): Mālama nā lens silica fused nui i ka pae paʻa o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka laser ma o nā kiʻi ʻili kiʻekiʻe (nā hewa <1 nanometer).

Nā Pūnaehana Optical Polarization: Hoʻohana ʻia nā polarizer nui a i ʻole nā ​​papa nalu i nā lako hana laser e hoʻomalu i ke kūlana polarization o nā lasers a hoʻopaʻa i nā hopena hoʻoili waiwai.