ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o Laser Crystal

ʻO nā kristal laser a me kā lākou mau ʻāpana ke kumu kumu nui no ka ʻoihana optoelectronics. ʻO ia hoʻi ka mea koʻikoʻi o nā lasers solid-state e hana i ka kukui laser. I ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea maikaʻi o ka like ʻana o ka optical maikaʻi, nā waiwai mechanical maikaʻi, ke kūpaʻa kino a me ke kemika maikaʻi, a me ka conductivity thermal maikaʻi, ʻo nā kristal laser nā mea kaulana no nā lasers solid-state. No laila, hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻoihana ʻoihana, lāʻau lapaʻau, noiʻi ʻepekema, kamaʻilio a me nā ʻoihana koa. E like me ka laser ranging, laser target indication, laser detection, laser marking, laser cutting processing (me ka oki, drilling, welding and engraving, etc.), laser medical treatment, and laser beauty, etc.

ʻO ka laser e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hapa nui o nā mea hana i loko o ka hau hauʻoli, a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka induction kukui o waho e hana ai i nā ʻāpana āpau o ka hau hauʻoli e hoʻopau i ka radiation hoʻoulu ʻia i ka manawa like, e hana ana i kahi kukui ikaika. ʻO nā lasers he alakaʻi maikaʻi loa, monochromaticity a me ka coherence, a ma ka nānā ʻana i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia ma nā ʻano āpau o ke kaiāulu.

ʻElua mau ʻāpana o ka kristal laser, ʻo kekahi ka ion i hoʻāla ʻia ma ke ʻano he "luminescence center", a ʻo kekahi ʻo ka kristal host e like me ka "carrier" o ka ion i hoʻāla ʻia. ʻO ka mea nui ma waena o nā kristal hoʻokipa ʻo nā kristal oxide. Loaʻa i kēia mau kristal nā pono kūʻokoʻa e like me ke kiʻekiʻe heheʻe, ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a me ka conductivity thermal maikaʻi. Ma waena o lākou, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka ruby ​​​​a me YAG, no ka mea, hiki i kā lākou lattice defects ke komo i ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia i kekahi ʻano spectral e hōʻike i kahi kala, a laila e ʻike ai i ka oscillation laser tunable.

Ma waho aʻe o nā laser kristal kahiko, ke ulu nei nā kristal laser i ʻelua ʻaoʻao: ultra-nui a me ultra-liʻiliʻi. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā laser kristal ultra-nui i ka fusion nuklea laser, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka isotope laser, ka ʻoki ʻana a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā laser kristal liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e pili ana i nā laser semiconductor. Loaʻa iā ia nā pōmaikaʻi o ka maikaʻi o ka pumping kiʻekiʻe, ka ukana wela liʻiliʻi o ke aniani, ka hopena laser paʻa, ke ola lōʻihi, a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka laser, no laila he manaʻo hoʻomohala nui i nā noi kikoʻī.